GSIC - Global Service Information Center

### DTC P0300 Random / Multiple Cylinder Misfire Detected

### DTC P0301 Cylinder 1 Misfire Detected

### DTC P0302 Cylinder 2 Misfire Detected

### DTC P0303 Cylinder 3 Misfire Detected

### DTC P0304 Cylinder 4 Misfire Detected

## for Preparation Click here

## DESCRIPTION

When a misfire occurs in the engine, hydrocarbons (HC) enter the exhaust gas in high concentrations. If this HC concentration is high enough, there could be an increase in exhaust emission levels. High concentrations of HC can also cause the temperature of the catalyst to increase, possibly damaging the catalyst. To prevent this increase in emissions and limit the possibility of thermal damage, the ECM monitors the misfire rate.
When the temperature of the catalyst reaches a point of thermal degradation, the ECM will start blinking the MIL. For monitor misfire, the ECM uses both the camshaft position sensor and the crankshaft position sensor.
The camshaft position sensor is used to identify if misfiring cylinders and the crankshaft position sensor is used to measure variations in the crankshaft rotation speed. The misfire counter increases when crankshaft rotation speed variations exceed the threshold values.
If the misfiring rate exceeds the threshold and could cause emission deterioration, the ECM illuminates the MIL.

HINT:

1. For any 200 revolutions of the engine, if misfiring which could result in overheating of the catalyst is detected, the MIL will start blinking (1 trip detection logic).
2. For any 1,000 revolutions of the engine, if misfiring which could result in emission deterioration is detected, the MIL will illuminate (2 trip detection logic).

DTC No. | DTC Detection Condition | Trouble Area

P0300

Misfiring of random cylinders is detected

1. Open or short in engine wire harness
2. Connector connection
3. Vacuum hose connection
4. Ignition system
5. Injector
6. Fuel pressure
7. Mass air flow meter
8. Engine coolant temperature sensor
9. Compression pressure
10. Valve clearance
11. Valve timing
12. PCV hose connection
13. PCV hose
14. ECM

P0301
P0302
P0303
P0304

Misfiring of each cylinder is detected

1. Open or short in engine wire harness
2. Connector connection
3. Vacuum hose connection
4. Ignition system
5. Injector
6. Fuel pressure
7. Mass air flow meter
8. Engine coolant temperature sensor
9. Compression pressure
10. Valve clearance
11. Valve timing
12. PCV hose connection
13. PCV hose
14. ECM

HINT:

  When the DTCs for misfiring cylinders are recorded repeatedly but no random misfire DTC is recorded, it indicates that the misfires have been set and recorded at different times.

  Reference: Inspect using the oscilloscope

  With the engine idling, check the waveform between terminals #10 to #40 and E01 of the ECM connectors.

Tool Setting | Condition
20 V / DIV., 100 or 1 msec. / DIV. | Idling

HINT:

  The correct waveform is as shown.

## MONITOR DESCRIPTION

The ECM illuminates the MIL (2 trip detection logic) if:

1. The misfiring rate exceeds a threshold value and could cause emissions deterioration.
2. During the first 1,000 engine revolutions after the engine starts, an excessive misfire rate (approximately 20 to 50 misfires per 1,000 engine revolutions) occurs 1 time.
3. After the first 1,000 engine revolutions after the engine starts, an excessive misfire rate (approximately 20 to 50 misfires per 1,000 engine revolutions) occurs 4 times.

The ECM blinks the MIL (MIL blinks immediately) if:

1. Within 200 engine revolutions at a high rpm, the threshold for "percent of misfire causing catalyst damage" is reached 1 time.
2. Within 200 engine revolutions at a normal rpm, the threshold for "percent of misfire causing catalyst damage" is reached 3 times. (for the 2nd trip, reaching the threshold once will cause the MIL to blink).

## WIRING DIAGRAM

Refer to DTC P0351 (Click here) for the wiring diagram of the ignition system.

## CONFIRMATION DRIVING PATTERN

1. Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.
2. Turn the ignition switch ON and turn the intelligent tester ON.
3. Note the DTC(s) and freeze frame data.
4. Change the ECM from normal mode to check mode using the intelligent tester.
5. Check the misfire counter values for each cylinder when idling. If the misfire counter indicate 0, perform the following confirmation driving pattern procedure.
6. Drive the vehicle several times using the engine speed data (Engine Speed), engine load data (Calculate Load) and other data stored in the freeze frame data.

1. If you are not using the intelligent tester, turn the ignition switch OFF after the symptom is simulated once. Then repeat the simulation process again.

   HINT:
     In order to memorize the misfire DTCs, it is necessary to drive around with Misfire RPM and Misfire Load selected in the Data List for the following period of time. Do not turn the ignition switch OFF. Turning the ignition switch OFF changes the diagnosis system from check mode to normal mode, and all DTCs and freeze frame data will be erased.

   Engine Speed | Time
   Idling | 3 minutes 30 seconds or more
   1,000 rpm | 3 minutes or more
   2,000 rpm | 1 minute 30 seconds or more
   3,000 rpm | 1 minute or more

7. Check for DTCs to verify whether misfires have occurred. If DTCs are is present, record the DTC and freeze frame data.
8. Turn the ignition switch OFF and wait for at least 5 seconds.

## INSPECTION PROCEDURE

HINT:

1. If DTCs besides the misfire DTCs are set simultaneously, first perform troubleshooting for them.
2. If a misfire does not occur when the vehicle is brought to the workshop, a misfire can be confirmed by reproducing the condition of the freeze frame data. Also, after finishing repairs, confirm that misfires do not recur (see the confirmation driving pattern).
3. Read freeze frame data using the intelligent tester. Freeze frame data records the engine conditions when malfunctions are detected. When troubleshooting, freeze frame data can help determine if the vehicle was moving or stationary, if the engine was warmed up or not, if the air-fuel ratio was lean or rich, and other data from the time the malfunction occurred.

1. When only a general misfire DTC P0300 is stored:

4. Erase the general misfire DTC from the ECM using the intelligent tester.
5. Start the engine and perform the confirmation driving pattern.
6. Check the value of the misfire ratio for each cylinder or check for DTC(s).
7. Perform repairs on the cylinder that has a high misfire ratio or on the cylinder indicated by the DTC.
8. After finishing repairs, perform the confirmation driving pattern again and confirm that no misfire occurs.
9. When either Short FT #1 or Long FT #1 in the freeze frame data is over the range of +- 20%, there is a possibility that the air-fuel ratio is becoming rich (-20% or less) or lean (+20% or more).
10. When the Coolant Temp value in the freeze frame data is less than 80°C (176°F), there is a possibility that misfires occur only during engine warm-up.
11. If a misfire cannot be reproduced, the following reasons may apply: 1) the vehicle has low fuel, 2) improper fuel is being used, and 3) the ignition plug has been contaminated.
12. Be sure to check the misfire counter value after repairs.

1.CHECK OTHER DTC OUTPUT (IN ADDITION TO MISFIRE DTCS)

1. Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.

1. Turn the ignition switch ON.

1. Turn the tester ON.

1. On the tester, select the following menu items: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / DTC.

1. Read DTCs.

   Result:

     Display (DTC Output) | Proceed to
     One or more of P0300, P0301, P0302, P0303 and P0304 | A
     One or more of P0300, P0301, P0302, P0303 and P0304, and other DTCs | B

   HINT:
     If any DTCs other than P0300, P0301, P0302, P0303 and P0304 are output, troubleshoot those DTCs first.

| B |

GO TO RELEVANT DTC CHART

A |

2.READ VALUE OF DATA LIST (MISFIRE RPM, MISFIRE LOAD)

1. Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.

1. Turn the ignition switch ON and turn the tester ON.

1. Select the following menu items: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / Misfire RPM and Misfire Load.

1. Read and note the Misfire RPM and Misfire Load (engine load) values.

   HINT:
     The Misfire RPM and Misfire Load indicate the vehicle conditions under which the misfire occurred.

NEXT |

3.CHECK PCV HOSE

OK:
  PCV hose is connected correctly, and is not damaged.

| NG |

REPAIR OR REPLACE PCV HOSE

OK |

4.CHECK MISFIRE COUNT (CYL #1, #2, #3, #4)

(a) Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.
(b) Turn the ignition switch ON.
(c) Turn the tester ON.
(d) Clear DTCs.
(e) On the tester, select the following menu items: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / CYL #1, #2, #3 and #4.
(f) Allow the engine to idle.
(g) Read each value of CYL #1 to #4 displayed on the tester. If no misfire counts occur in any cylinders, perform the following operations:

1. (1) Move the shift lever to the drive position.
2. (2) Repeat steps (e) to (g) above.
3. (3) Check the CYL #1 to #4.
4. (4) If misfire counts are still not displayed, perform steps (h) and (i) and then check the misfire counts again.

(h) Drive the vehicle at the Misfire RPM and Misfire Load values recorded from the Data List.
(i) Read the CYL #1 to #4 or DTCs displayed on the tester.

Result:

  Misfire Count | Proceed to
  One or two cylinders have misfire counts | A
  Three cylinders or more have misfire counts | B

| B |

Go to step 12

A |

5.CHECK SPARK PLUG

1. Remove the ignition coil assembly.

1. Remove the spark plug.

1. Check the spark plug type.

   Recommended spark plug:
   Supplier | Type
   DENSO | K20HR-U11

1. Check the spark plug electrode gap.

   Correct electrode gap for new spark plug:
     1.1 mm (0.043 in.)

   Maximum electrode gap for used spark plug:
     1.3 mm (0.051 in.)

   NOTICE:
     If adjusting the gap of a new spark plug, only bend the ground electrode. Do not touch the tip. Never attempt to adjust the gap of a used plug.

1. Check the electrode for carbon deposits.

| NG |

REPLACE SPARK PLUG

OK |

6.CHECK FOR SPARKS AND IGNITION

1. Perform a spark test.

   CAUTION:
     Make sure to disconnect each injector connector.

   NOTICE:
     Do not crank the engine for more than 5 seconds.

   1. Install the spark plug to the ignition coil, and connect the ignition coil connector.

   2. Disconnect the injector connector.

   3. Ground the spark plug.

   4. Check if sparks occur while the engine is being cranked.

      OK:
        Sparks jump across electrode gap.

| NG |

Go to step 8

OK |

7.CHECK CYLINDER COMPRESSION PRESSURE OF MISFIRING CYLINDER

1. Measure the cylinder compression pressure of the misfiring cylinder (Click here).

| OK |

Go to step 9

NG |

REPAIR OR REPLACE MALFUNCTION PARTS

8.CHANGE NORMAL SPARK PLUG AND CHECK SPARK OF MISFIRING CYLINDER

1. Change the installed spark plug to a spark plug that functions normally.

1. Perform a spark test.

   CAUTION:
     Make sure to disconnect each injector connector.

   NOTICE:
     Do not crank the engine for more than 5 seconds.

   1. Install the spark plug to the ignition coil, and connect the ignition coil connector.

   2. Disconnect the injector connector.

   3. Ground the spark plug.

   4. Check if sparks occur while the engine is being cranked.

      OK:
        Sparks jump across electrode gap.

| NG |

REPLACE IGNITION COIL ASSEMBLY THEN CONFIRM THAT THERE IS NO MISFIRE

OK |

REPLACE SPARK PLUG

9.INSPECT ECM TERMINAL OF MISFIRING CYLINDER (#10, #20, #30, #40 VOLTAGE)

1. Turn the ignition switch ON.

1. Measure the voltage of the E11 and E12 ECM connectors.

   Standard voltage:

     Tester Connection | Specified Condition
     E11-6 (#10) - E12-7 (E01) | 9 to 14 V
     E11-5 (#20) - E12-7 (E01) | 9 to 14 V
     E11-2 (#30) - E12-7 (E01) | 9 to 14 V
     E11-1 (#40) - E12-7 (E01) | 9 to 14 V

| OK |

Go to step 11

NG |

10.CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (INJECTOR - ECM)

1. Check the wire harness between the injector and ECM.

   1. Disconnect the F5, F6, F7 and F8 injector connectors.

   2. Disconnect the E11 connector.

   3. Measure the resistance of the wire harness side connectors.

      Standard resistance:

        Tester Connection | Specified Condition
        F5-2 - E11-6 (#10) | Below 1 Ω
        F6-2 - E11-5 (#20) | Below 1 Ω
        F7-2 - E11-2 (#30) | Below 1 Ω
        F8-2 - E11-1 (#40) | Below 1 Ω
        F5-2 or E11-6 (#10) - Body ground | 10 kΩ or higher
        F6-2 or E11-5 (#20) - Body ground | 10 kΩ or higher
        F7-2 or E11-2 (#30) - Body ground | 10 kΩ or higher
        F8-2 or E11-1 (#40) - Body ground | 10 kΩ or higher

1. Inspect the INJ fuse.

   1. Remove the INJ fuse from the instrument panel junction block.

   2. Measure the resistance of the INJ fuse.

      Standard resistance:
        Below 1 Ω

1. Measure the voltage of the injector connectors.

   1. Disconnect the F5, F6, F7 and F8 injector connectors.

   2. Turn the ignition switch ON.

   3. Measure the voltage of the wire harness side connectors.

      Standard voltage:

        Tester Connection | Specified Condition
        F5-1 - Body ground | Between 11 and 14 V
        F6-1 - Body ground | Between 11 and 14 V
        F7-1 - Body ground | Between 11 and 14 V
        F8-1 - Body ground | Between 11 and 14 V

| NG |

REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS AND CONNECTOR

OK |

11.CHECK FUEL INJECTOR OF MISFIRING CYLINDER

1. Check the injector injection. Check that fuel volume is not too high or too low, and that the injection pattern is not poor (Click here).

| NG |

REPLACE FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY

OK |

12.CHECK AIR INDUCTION SYSTEM

1. Check the air induction system for vacuum leakage.

   OK:
     No leakage from air induction system.

| NG |

REPAIR OR REPLACE AIR INDUCTION SYSTEM

OK |

13.CHECK VALVE TIMING

1. Remove the cylinder head cover.

1. Turn the crankshaft to align the timing marks of the crankshaft.

1. Align the groove of the crankshaft pulley with the "0" position.

1. Confirm whether the timing marks of the camshaft pulley and cylinder head cover are facing each other.

1. If the timing marks are not facing each other, turn the crankshaft clockwise by 360°. Confirm again if the timing marks are facing each other.

   OK:
     The timing marks of the camshaft pulley and the cylinder head cover face each other when the groove of the crankshaft pulley is in the "0" position.

| NG |

ADJUST VALVE TIMING

OK |

14.CHECK FUEL PRESSURE

1. Check the fuel pressure (Click here).

| NG |

CHECK AND REPLACE FUEL PUMP, PRESSURE REGULATOR, FUEL PIPE LINE AND FILTER

OK |

15.READ VALUE OF DATA LIST (COOLANT TEMP)

1. Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.

1. Turn the ignition switch ON.

1. Turn the tester ON.

1. On the tester, select the following menu items: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / Coolant Temp.

1. Read the Coolant Temp value twice, when the engine is both cold and warmed up.

   Standard:
     With cold engine: Same as ambient air temperature
     With warm engine: Between 75 and 95°C (167 and 203°F)

| NG |

REPLACE ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR

OK |

16.READ VALUE OF DATA LIST (MAF)

1. Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.

1. Turn the ignition switch ON.

1. Turn the tester ON.

1. On the tester, select the following menu items: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / MAF and Coolant Temp.

1. Allow the engine to idle until the Coolant Temp value reaches 75 °C (167 °F) or more.

1. Read the MAF with the engine in an idling condition and at an engine speed of 2,500 rpm.

   Standard:
     MAF while engine idling: Between 1 and 4 g/s (shift position: N; A/C: OFF).
     MAF at engine speed of 2,500 rpm: Between 4 and 15 g/s (shift position: N; A/C: OFF).

| NG |

REPLACE MASS AIR FLOW METER

OK |

CHECK FOR INTERMITTENT PROBLEMS